Intraoperative Paravertebral Block and Postoperative Complications

Participants in this arm will receive a paravertebral nerve block (PVB) performed intraoperatively under ultrasound guidance prior to the thoracic surgical procedure. The block will target the relevant thoracic vertebral levels corresponding to the surgical site. Standard local anesthetic agents will be administered according to institutional protocols. This intervention aims to provide perioperative analgesia, reduce postoperative pain, and potentially decrease the incidence of postoperative complications. All participants will also receive standard intraoperative monitoring and anesthesia management as per routine clinical practice.