Effects of rTMS on Corticomotor Excitability and Balance Performance in Parkinson's Disease

investigate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on corticomotor excitability, balance performance, and mobility in patients with Parkinson's disease, and to further explore the effects on corticomotor excitability by single low-frequency and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Participants will receive different stimulation approaches in sequences: high-frequency rTMS, low-frequency rTMS, and sham rTMS. They will be randomly assigned to three groups with different stimulation sequences. After each single stimulation, corticomotor excitability, balance, and motor symptoms will be measured. In this study, eighteen PD patients with Hoehn and Yahr stage 1 to 3 will be recruited.