Oro-myofunctional Characteristics and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Infants With Down Syndrome

"Patients will undergo full-night PSG (including electrocardiogram to monitor heart rate and the JAWAC system to record mandibular movements) in the sleep unit of Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant (Bron, France) to explore OSA, included in the routine care of children with DS.~OSA diagnosis will be made based on the obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI) resulting from the PSG. OSA will be diagnosed when OAHI ≥1.5/hour."

Orofacial myofunctional evaluation will be conducted by a physiotherapist according to the OMES-E (Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores for Nursing Infants).

"The Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children is a short questionnaire answered by parents about their child's sleep disorders.~Total score and scores for each sleep disorder will be calculated, according to the classical procedures during hospitalization of all children in our sleep unit."

Non-nutritive sucking performance will be recorded through an experimental method using a classical pacifier, equipped with pressure sensors. Recording will last about 10 minutes. Variables related to sucking performance (maximum amplitude, frequency of sucking bursts, etc.) will be recorded.

The Brunet-Lézine test will be administered by a neuropsychologist. Global score will be calculated along with its four subscores (posture, hand-eye coordination, language, sociability).

The PedsQL-Infants questionnaire is designed to evaluate quality of life in infants. It will be given to parents during their child's hospitalization.