Fundus-first Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

"* Standard 4-port laparoscopic setup~* Carbon dioxide (CO₂) pneumoperitoneum (12-15 mmHg)~* Dissection begins at gallbladder fundus~* Peritoneum incised from infundibulum to fundus along liver bed~* Gallbladder dissected from fundus toward infundibulum~* Cystic artery and duct identified and divided last~* Critical view of safety achieved before vessel division"

"* Standard 4-port laparoscopic setup~* Carbon dioxide (CO₂) pneumoperitoneum (12-15 mmHg)~* Dissection begins at Calot's triangle~* Critical view of safety achieved first~* Cystic artery and duct divided before gallbladder bed dissection~* Gallbladder dissected from liver bed"