The Effect of Hand Position on Balance

The study design was a single-group repeated measures design. Nineteen individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were included. The assessments were conducted individually in a quiet environment, isolated from other athletes and external factors. Athletes were instructed to refrain from intense exercise and training, avoid caffeine consumption, and attend the assessment in sportswear within the last 24 hours. Upon arrival for the assessments, athletes were seated to rest while demographic information was collected. Each test was explained verbally and visually, and participants were allowed to perform a trial. A crossover design method was used in the study, with the order of tests (hands on hips or hands free) determined randomly. Retest measurements were conducted 24 hours after the initial test at the same time of day. The tests performed are described below.