Cold vs. Paraspinal Stimulation for Erectile and Urinary Function in SCI Patients

Ice massage using circular movements over the suprapubic and inner thigh areas to stimulate sensory afferents. Each session lasted 20 minutes, delivered 3 times per week for 4 weeks.

Surface electrodes applied bilaterally to the T12-L2 region. Parameters: 20 Hz frequency, 200 µs pulse width, intensity set below motor threshold. Sessions were administered 3 times per week for 4 weeks.