Characterization and Longitudinal Monitoring of Muscular Phenotype in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care for Sepsis

Medical Research Council (MRC)-sumscore evaluates global muscle strength. Manual strength of six muscle groups (shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, wrist extension, hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion) is evaluated on both sides using MRC scale

Handgrip test combined with surface electromyography (sEMG) of the flexor digitorum superficialis

Surface EMG amplitude (RMS) during maximal voluntary contraction measured by surface electromyography (sEMG) of the rectus femoris

Measurement of the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the rectus femoris by ultrasound

Diaphragmatic ultrasound is a non-invasive technique that allows for sequential assessment of diaphragm mobility (excursion) and contraction (thickening) in mechanically ventilated patients

Blood samples are collected from a radial or femoral arterial catheter, which is part of the routine care of the patients. These samples are taken with the aim to: 1) describe the inflammatory profile (plasma measurements of CRP, IL-1, IL-6, TNFα, IL-10, fibrinogen, ferritin, cortisol), 2) assess organ dysfunction and calculate the SOFA score (arterial blood gases, lactate levels, liver function tests, complete blood count, and blood electrolyte panel)

Analysis of peripheral neurogenic and myogenic components involved in intensive care unit-acquired muscle dysfunction through the performance of an electroneuromyogram

The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is a simple test that requires a quiet, indoor, flat 30-meter course, ideally in a straight rectangular hallway

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is the most sensitive rapid assessment test and assesses cognitive functions most broadly (attention, concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visual-constructive abilities, abstraction, calculation, orientation).

The MNA-SF (Short Form) is a simplified version that allows us to determine whether the elderly person is well nourished, at risk of malnutrition or malnourished.