Effect of Ultra-Low Tidal Volume on Mechanical Power During Heart Bypass Surgery

Ventilation continued during CPB using volume-controlled mode with ultra-low tidal volume (3-4 mL/kg IBW(Ideal Body Weight)), 12-14 breaths/min, 5 cm H₂O PEEP, and 50% FiO₂.

In this group, mechanical ventilation will be discontinued after aortic cross-clamping during CPB, and apnea will be maintained throughout the bypass period.