Incentive Spirometry Versus Massage Therapy Among Post Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patients

Participants received incentive spirometry therapy using a standard device beginning within 2 hours post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy. They were instructed to take 10 deep breaths every 2 hours for 12 hours.

Participants received manual massage therapy at regular intervals of 4, 8, and 12 hours after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.