Bile Omics for Diagnosing Indeterminate Biliary Strictures

Since patients with biliary strictures almost universally require endoscopic biliary interventions for both diagnostic and drainage purposes, bile aspiration can be readily obtained during these procedures, facilitating subsequent analyses. However, proteomic and metabolomic profiling of bile in malignant biliary strictures remains unreported to date. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of combining bile proteomics/metabolomics with biliary brush cytology/biopsy for malignant biliary strictures, while also providing evidence for identifying potential biomarkers.