Proportional Assist Ventilation Plus and Estimation of Respiratory Effort During the Transition to Spontaneous Ventilation

This intervention is distinguished by applying Proportional Assist Ventilation Plus (PAV+) at three support levels (20%, 50%, 70%) within the same patient, allowing a stepwise analysis of its effect on work of breathing. It uses real-time ventilator-displayed work of breathing, a noninvasive and underexplored tool, correlated with multiple physiological parameters such as esophageal pressure, Pocc, and P0.1. This within-subject design controls for interindividual variability, improving the precision of the analysis. Focusing on patients with spontaneous respiratory effort facilitates clinical application to optimize personalized ventilatory support. Thus, the study provides novel data to adjust support levels according to the patient's actual effort and to validate ventilator measurements against reference physiological indicators.