Effectiveness of Functional Taping, Manual Therapy and Stereodynamic Interference Current

A program consisting of therapeutic ultrasound, hot pack, massage, and McKenzie exercises was administered as the intervention.

"A program consisting of therapeutic ultrasound, hot pack, massage, and McKenzie exercises was administered as the intervention. In addition, the taping method applied in this study can be defined as a Function-Oriented Taping Application to Preserve Extension: Lumbar Extension Taping, which was specifically designed to maintain lumbar extension."

"A program consisting of therapeutic ultrasound, hot pack, massage, and McKenzie exercises was administered as the intervention.Manual Therapy (MT), which literally means hands-on treatment, is an evidence-based therapeutic approach consisting of skilled hand movements and maneuvers applied to produce therapeutic effects and to treat musculoskeletal dysfunctions and pain. In addition to the standard program, manual therapy was also administered in this study."

A program consisting of therapeutic ultrasound, hot pack, massage, and McKenzie exercises was administered as the intervention.In addition, the stereodynamic interference current method was applied in this study. A 'Y' electrode was used during the application. Due to the rapid development of accommodation, the current intensity was frequently increased during the session. The average treatment duration was 15 minutes, and a frequency of 50-100 Hz was used to achieve analgesic effects.