Research on the Effect of Noise Cancelling Headphones in Reducing Postoperative Pain

（3）atients were given the same anesthesia regimen. Standard monitoring techniques include electrocardiogram, pulse oximeter, heart rate and blood pressure monitoring, continuous monitoring of bispecific index of electroencephalography, and the use of remifentanil (0.3 mg/kg) Rapid sequence induction was performed using sufentanil (0.3 μ g/kg), propofol (2.5mg/kg), and rocuronium bromide (0.6 mg/kg). Anesthesia was maintained using remifentanil (0.1-0.2 μ g/0kg/min), inhaled sevoflurane (1%), and intravenous propofol (1-4 mg/kg/h) to maintain BIS 40-60, with heart rate and blood pressure within 20% of baseline values.

The treatment group started wearing noise cancelling headphones until the end of the surgery in the general anesthesia induction group to isolate intraoperative environmental noise,patients were given the same anesthesia regimen. Standard monitoring techniques include electrocardiogram, pulse oximeter, heart rate and blood pressure monitoring, continuous monitoring of bispecific index of electroencephalography, and the use of remifentanil (0.3 mg/kg) Rapid sequence induction was performed using sufentanil (0.3 μ g/kg), propofol (2.5mg/kg), and rocuronium bromide (0.6 mg/kg). Anesthesia was maintained using remifentanil (0.1-0.2 μ g/0kg/min), inhaled sevoflurane (1%), and intravenous propofol (1-4 mg/kg/h) to maintain BIS 40-60, with heart rate and blood pressure within 20% of baseline values.