Epidemiological Study of Osteoporosis in the Elderly Population of Shandong Province

Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is an accurate, safe, and rapid bone mineral density measurement method that is widely used in the diagnosis of osteoporosis and the assessment of fracture risk. The principle is based on the difference in absorption of different energy X-rays in bone and soft tissue, and bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) are obtained through mathematical calculations. DXA is commonly used to measure bone mineral density in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and forearm, and to assess the degree of osteoporosis using a T score, where T ≤ -2.5 is defined as osteoporosis. Due to the advantages of high precision, low radiation dose and convenient operation, DXA is considered as the gold standard for clinical bone mineral density detection.