Robot-Assisted Gait and Bicycle Training for Stroke Patients With Pre-Sarcopenia

This group receives a combination of overground robot-assisted gait training (o-RAGT) and recumbent bicycle training. The o-RAGT is delivered using the Angel Legs M20 wearable exoskeleton with the MW10 suspension system for safety and gait assistance. Each o-RAGT session lasts 30 minutes and is performed overground, with support gradually reduced based on patient tolerance. Recumbent bicycle training uses the TBR9000 device (DRAX, Korea) for 30 minutes per session, focusing on lower limb strength and aerobic conditioning. Resistance is progressively increased based on patient tolerance using an RPE scale (11-14). Training is provided 5 times per week for 4 weeks. The combined program aims to improve muscle mass, physical function, and cardiopulmonary endurance in subacute stroke patients with pre-sarcopenia.

This group receives 30-minute recumbent bicycle training sessions using the TBR9000 device (DRAX, Korea), 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Resistance is gradually increased based on patient tolerance and monitored using an RPE scale (11-14). The intervention targets lower limb muscle strengthening and aerobic conditioning to promote physical recovery. No robotic gait training is provided in this group.