Fetoscopic Robotic Open Spina Bifida Treatment

"Three 9 mm laparoscopic trocars will be inserted into the uterus after the uterus is exteriorized through a maternal laparotomy. Partial amniotic carbon dioxide insufflation will be done with heated humidified gas. Using a surgical robot, multilayer closure of the lesion will be performed, similar to our current protocol in open fetal spina bifida closure (durapatch, myofascial flap, skin closure).~Pre- and postoperative management will be similar to our current open fetal surgery protocol. Delivery will be by cesarean section, either when spontaneous labor occurs or at 39 weeks, whichever presents first."