Efficacy and Safety of Colorectal Anastomotic Leak Testing

◦After anastomosis was completed, the integrity of anastomosis was tested intraoperatively. The methods include directly observing the integrity of the anastomosis under gastroscopy, immersing the anastomosis in 500 - 1000 mL of warm saline and temporarily occluding the distal end, filling the anastomotic bowel with air, and injecting 60 mL of methylene blue through colonoscopy. Wrapping a white gauze pad around the anastomosis and observing for methylene blue leakage.