Arteriovenous Fistula Pain and Cold Application

"A cooling spray containing propan-butane-pentane was applied 25 cm from the cannulation site until mild whitening/frosting appeared.~The standard AVF cannulation procedure was performed. Pain levels were measured immediately after the procedure using VAS."

1 ml of cold aloe vera gel was applied to a 5x5 cm area over the fistula site. The standard AVF cannulation procedure was conducted. Pain levels were assessed post-procedure using VAS.

"No additional pain-relief intervention was applied. The nurse performed the standard AVF cannulation procedure, including hand hygiene, thrill assessment, and site disinfection.~Pain levels were assessed immediately after cannulation using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)."