Lidocaine and Dexmedetomidine Infusions for Intraoperative Bleeding in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Patients will receive lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg loading then 1mg/kg/h infusion) just after induction of anesthesia induction and continued until the end of the operation.

Patients will receive 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine infusion over 10 min as a loading dose then 0.4-0.7 μg/kg/h just after induction of anesthesia induction and continued until the end of the operation.