Lidocaine and Dexmedetomidine Infusion and Their Combination on Perioperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Patients will receive lidocaine 0.3 mg/kg over 10 min loading, 0.3 mg/kg/h infusion after induction of anesthesia as maintenance dose till 10 min before the end of the operation plus saline 0.9% with same rate of dexmedetomidine.

Patients will receive dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg infusion over 10 min as a loading dose then 0.5 μg/kg/h after induction of anesthesia as maintenance dose till 10 min before the end of the operation plus saline 0.9% with same rate of lidocaine.

Patients will receive lidocaine (0.3 mg/kg in 10 min loading, 0.3 mg/kg/h infusion) and dexmedetomidine infusions (0.5 μg/kg infusion over 10 min as a loading dose then 0.5 μg/kg/h) till 10 min before the end of the operation.