Efficacy of Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Block to Reduce Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Unilateral Thoracotomy

Catheter are placed between the erector spinae muscle and the transversus processus with ultrasound guidance, blocking the dorsal and ventral ramus from the thorax and abdominal spinal nerves, at the level of T5. Local anesthesia is injected. Drugs used are Bupivacaine 0.25% with volume of 25 ml.

"Multimodal intravenous analgesia refers to the use of multiple intravenous (IV) agents with different mechanisms of action to provide effective pain relief. The goal is to achieve synergistic effects that improve analgesia while minimizing the doses of individual drugs, thereby reducing side effects. This approach is often used in perioperative and acute pain management.~Patient will receive combinations of opioid through Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) device, NSAIDs, and Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)"