Pro-Epileptic Effects of IV Ketamine

The Ketamine group received IV ketamine at a titrated dose of 0.5-1.0 mg/kg with IV fentanyl, administered in small incremental boluses of 25-50 mcg to ensure adequate analgesia.

The Midazolam group received IV midazolam at a titrated dose of 0.15-0.40 mg/kg with IV fentanyl, administered in small incremental boluses of 25-50 mcg to ensure adequate analgesia.

The Propofol group received IV propofol at a titrated dose of 0.5-1.0 mg/kg with IV fentanyl, administered in small incremental boluses of 25-50 mcg to ensure adequate analgesia.