Machine Learning for Predicting and Managing Quality of Life in Lung Cancer Immunotherapy Patients

The patient symptoms were surveyed to develop a symptom cluster care intervention plan. The specific steps were as follows: a research team was established, relevant literature was reviewed, and qualitative interviews were conducted. Guided by symptom management theory and the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) behavior model, a draft of the care intervention was created. This draft was then refined through expert consultation to finalize the intervention plan.

Standard nursing intervention. This refers to routine clinical care without a specific care plan tailored to the patient's symptoms. For example, if a patient has symptoms, the nurse assists the patient in notifying the doctor but does not provide any special treatment themselves