Cardiovascular Assessment and Treatment During COPD Exacerbation to Improve Diagnosis and Outcomes

The cardiology consultation will include the following: a structured interview (see Appendix A), physical examination, review of laboratory tests including HbA1c, lipid profile, BNP, ECG, and POCUS (point-of-care ultrasound) to assess heart contraction and valve function.

optimize basic treatment, and recommend continued follow-up as needed.