The Effect of Stress Ball Application on Anxiety and Fetal Heart Rate Before Cesarean Section

The stress ball is a simple and effective tool for reducing anxiety and relaxation as a non-pharmacological method (Yanes et al., 2018). Due to the limited pharmacological options available for pregnant women to reduce anxiety during cesarean section, alternative, complementary or supportive non-pharmacological methods and low-risk approaches are needed (Baltacı \& Başer, 2020). It is thought that squeezing the stress ball may be advantageous in reducing anxiety.