Mindfulness-Based Intervention Using Consumer-Grade Wearable Devices with Biofeedback for Family Caregivers of People with Dementia

The intervention includes two weekly 90-minute sessions of brief mindfulness training, covering mindfulness practices, psychoeducation on caregiving, and group sharing. After the first session, participants receive a wearable device for biofeedback on RR, HR, HRV, EDA, and sleep patterns to support mindfulness practice and reduce stress. A 30-minute session teaches caregivers how to use the devices and understand the parameters. The study uses Fitbit Sense with Fitbit apps, employing PPG sensors. The Fitbit Sense connects to smartphones with the apps installed. Caregivers can: (1) view real-time RR, HR, HRV, and EDA on the device and trends on their phone; (2) receive mindfulness practice reminders; (3) access audio coaching; (4) set personal goals (e.g., 30 minutes of daily practice); (5) track practice duration; (6) rate daily stress; and (7) review sleep quality. After the second session, caregivers practice mindfulness for 30 minutes daily over eight weeks.

The control group will receive two weekly sessions of brief mindfulness training, the same as the intervention group. After the 1st brief mindfulness training, the control group will receive a 30-minute briefing session on goal setting for mindfulness practice. Each caregiver will be asked to develop an action plan for continuous mindfulness practice. A mindfulness therapist will also discuss the challenges and solutions for developing a habit of mindfulness practice with the caregivers in the second session. Caregivers in the control group will be advised to practice mindfulness daily for 30 minutes over the course of eight weeks.