Effectiveness of Botox, Dry Needling, Pharmacological Treatment, and Manual Therapy for Bruxism-Induced Myalgia

Botulinum toxin, produced by Clostridium botulinum, is a neurotoxin. Presently, there are 7 serotypes (A, B, C1, D, E, F, G). Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) is the most frequently used variant in clinical applications.

Dry needling (DN) is a type of acupuncture therapy, that uses a thin filiform needle to penetrate the skin and stimulate underlying myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) and muscular, and connective tissues.

Metacarbamol (380mg), paracetamol (300mg)

Manual therapy (MT) entails the use of the hands to apply a force with a therapeutic intent, including techniques such as massage, joint mobilization/manipulation, myofascial release, nerve manipulation, strain/counterstrain, and acupressure.