Application and Effectiveness of the Perioperative Position Management Based on the ADDIE Model in Patients With Congenital Microtia

Key elements included formation of a multidisciplinary team，perioperative postural management, preoperative sleeping posture adaptability training, neck movement training, standardization of head position angles and head suspension time during surgery, use of protective headrests, attention to transfer and handover procedures, and specially designed pillows.