Machine-Learning Based EEG Biomarkers for Personalized Interventions

The treatment follows an approved neuromodulation protocol at our center (approved on Nov. 4 2021, valid until Nov. 4 2024). tDCS will be administered with a battery-powered DC stimulator (Sooma tDCS, Helsinki, Finland), using saline-saturated circular electrodes with a diameter of 6 cm². The anode will be positioned over C3 to stimulate the primary motor cortex (M1), and the cathode over the contralateral supraorbital area (FP2). For asymmetric pain, stimulation targets the M1 contralateral to the more painful side, and for symmetric pain, the dominant hemisphere (C3) is stimulated. The maximum current is 2 mA (current density: 0.06 mA/cm²). Each session lasts 30 minutes, conducted daily for two weeks (Monday to Friday), totaling 10 sessions. All stimulation parameters adhere to general safety guidelines for transcranial electrical stimulation (Bikson et al., 2016).

64-channel active-electrode EEG with impedances kept \~5KOhm