Analyzing Gait Parameters Among Women With and Without Stress Urinary Incontinence

"* The ISSI consists of eight items that assess different aspects of urinary incontinence symptoms, including emptying difficulties, nocturia, daytime frequency, stress incontinence, urge incontinence, leakage with activity, and pad use.~* Each item is scored on a scale of (0 to 3) or (0 to 4), depending on the severity of the symptom. Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.~* The total ISSI score is obtained by summing the scores of all eight items, resulting in a range of 0 to 32 or 0 to 40, depending on the version used.~* The severity of urinary incontinence symptoms can be categorized based on the total ISSI score"

"Use the provided software or tools to analyze the recorded force data, including Step Cycle Duration (ms), Time of Contact (ms), Swing Duration (ms), Single Step Duration (ms), Double Support Duration (ms), Initial Contact (ms) , Loading Response (ms), Mid Stance (ms), Terminal Stance (ms), Step Cycle Length, Half Step Length for left and right lower limbs.~* Interpret the data to draw conclusions about the forces exerted during the subject's movements or activities."

The STT three-dimensional motion analysis (3DMA) system (STT Systems Company, Zuatzu Business Park, Easo Building, 2nd Floor, San Sebastián, Spain) was used for the assessment of spatiotemporal characteristics of gait. It is an indoor optical system that consists of four cameras, fifteen markers, and computer software for automatic three-dimensional motion capture and analysis. CLINICAL 3DMA V.6.11 is professional software with highly accurate marker tracking. The STT Helen Hayes protocol was used for the gait analysis in this study.