A Study of the Intervention of Time-restricted Eating in High-risk Populations of GDM

All participants will be instructed to follow a diet of 1800-2200 kcal/d (45-50% of energy from carbohydrate, 15-20% from protein, 25-30% from fat) based primarily on Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022), Dietary guidelines for pregnant women and Guideline of Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy (2022). Participants assigned to the TRE group will be instructed to consume prescribed calories in a 10-hour eating window (from 8:30 am to 18:30 pm) each day and only noncaloric beverages were permitted outside of the eating window over 3 months (from 14-26 gestational weeks). Participants in the SOC group will be instructed to consume prescribed calories following habitual daily eating schedule over 3 months.