Influence of Insertion Torque and Bone Type on Post-operative Pain

All patients received a single Tapered Screw implant (Bioinnovation Dental®, Brazil). The implants were placed according to the manufacturer's instructions by using the appropriate burs with a final master drill of 3.5 or 4.5 mm in diameter by one senior oral surgeon. These implants were multi-threaded, and their surfaces were both sandblasted and acid etched. Of the 230 participants, 172 received a single 5 x 10-mm implant, and 58 received a 4 x 10-mm implant.