Causes of Listening Difficulties in Children

The Evaluation of Children's Listening \& Processing Skills (ECLiPS; (Barry \& Moore, 2021; Barry et al., 2015; Petley et al., 2021) is a caregiver-report outcome measure to profile auditory and cognitive real-world abilities important for successful listening and (auditory) processing.

By collecting behavioral measures, the investigators wish to understand the functional implications of the presented problems. Children will complete various well-chosen tasks using a tablet, in the presence of a trained clinician. Tablets are used as they are ubiquitous, cost-effective, and have excellent quality audio output. The investigators will apply the concept of differential testing (Dillon \& Cameron, 2021; Lagacé et al., 2010) to narrow down the range of deficits that lead to deficient scores. The investigators distinguish four (partly overlapping) categories of behavioral measures: 1) auditory processing, 2) (nonsense) speech sound processing in quiet and in noise, excluding semantics, 3) meaningful speech in quiet and in noise, language processing, and 4) neurocognitive (including attention, memory, processing speed) processing.