the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) and Suprainguinal Fascia Iliaca Blocks (SIFIB) in Elderly Patients

PENG block was performed by the primary investigator (B.C) following proper skin disinfection with the patient in the supine position. Under the guidance of a low-frequency curvilinear ultrasound probe, the iliopubic eminence and the psoas tendon were identified, and local anaesthetic as 30 mL 0.375% bupivacaine was injected between the periosteum and psoas tendon following negative aspiration.

The high-frequency linear probe was placed medial to the anterosuperior iliac spine in a parasagittal orientation to visualize the bow tie appearance formed by the sartorius's internal oblique and iliacus muscles. The needle tip was placed under fascia iliaca through an in-plane approach, and local anaesthetic as 30 mL 0.375% bupivacaine was injected from the caudad to the cephalic direction.