Recruitment Maneuver in General Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

The recruitment maneuver will be performed by increasing the current peak pressure (Ppeak) by 5 cm H2O, changing the inspiratory/expiratory ratio from 1:2 to 1:1, with PEEP values of 5 and 7 cm H2O. The respiratory rate during the recruitment maneuver will be 10 breaths per minute, and the recruitment maneuver will last 30 seconds (5 breaths). The recruitment maneuver will be performed 3 times: the first time immediately after the formation of the pneumoperitoneum and the positioning of the patient in the reverse Trendelenburg position with a PEEP of 5 cm H2O, the second time with a PEEP of 7 cm H2O, during the duration of the operation. The third recruitment maneuver will be performed with a PEEP of 7 cm H2O at the end of the operative procedure, and immediately before the patient wakes up. After each increase, PEEP will be maintained at higher pressure values with a peak value of 7 cm H2O.