To Compare Influence of Breakfast With and Without Sweeteners on Postprandial Glycemic Response and Appetite-Satiety Sensation in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes

"Study Intervention: 30 drops (70.8 mg) of a stevia and sucralose mix were chosen based on Ford et al. 2011, indicating a 48 mg sucralose concentration comparable to the sweetness of a standard diet soda, due to a lack of studies on the acute effects of combined non-nutritive sweeteners.~Glycemic Responses (GR): Blood samples collected using Accu-Chek® Instant glucometer, with fasting samples establishing baseline glucose concentration. Test breakfast or white bread consumed within 12 to 15 minutes, followed by capillary blood sampling at various intervals. Continuous glucose monitoring with a sensor was also implemented.~Glycemic Index (GI) Calculation: Geometric calculation of the area under the curve (AUC) for each food, excluding the baseline area. Test breakfast GI determined by expressing AUC as a percentage of the standard food AUC. Final GI value averaged across groups."