Cupping Therapy in Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain

In the intervention group, participants will lie in a prone position, and the lumbar area between L1-L5 will be oiled. Two cups with a diameter of 4.5-5 cm will be placed bilaterally, parallel to the lumbar spine. The therapist will perform 5 minutes of dry cupping therapy, moving the cups up and down using both hands. Participants will also receive routine physiotherapy, including a 20-minute session of transcutaneous electrical stimulation with a frequency of 100 pulses per second and a duration of 60 microseconds. The stimulation intensity will be adjusted for sensory stimulus. Stabilization exercises like abdominal hollowing and bridging will be included. The treatment will consist of 10 sessions, three times per week.

In the control group, participants will lie in a prone position, and the lumbar area between L1-L5 will be oiled. Two cups with a diameter of 4.5-5 cm will be placed bilaterally, parallel to the lumbar spine. However, unlike the intervention group, the cups in the control group will not be moved and will remain stationary for 5 minutes. The cups will have small holes (\<2mm in diameter) to release negative pressure quickly. Double-sided tapes will be used to secure the cups and maintain contact with the skin.