The Feasibility and Acceptability of a Music Intervention to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in Older Patients

"The music intervention will consist of three components including:~1. Playlist composition Six music genres playlists will be offered to patients, including Classical Music, Country Music, Folk Music, Hymns and Reglious Music, Jazz and Swing Music, Popular/Easy Listening/RNB and Soundtrack Music. Patients can also add their favourite music to the list as well.~2. Music Intervention Delivery The general criteria for intervention delivery are:1) Each session lasts at least 20 minutes; 2) The music will be delivered by a comfortable, wireless, on/off switch noise-cancelling headphone; 3) The volume will be adjusted according to the patient's preference and controlled at 65dB or lower; 4) The order of music in the playlists will be decided by the patient; 5) Music will be delivered in inpatient room and/or waiting area before surgery/procedure.~3. Cleaning and infection of the equipment We will comply with guidelines on disinfection of materials in the hospital."