Tongue Muscular Assessment in Healthy Children

"The following item will be assessed in all subjects (n=420):~1\. Sleep, through the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire."

"The following items will be assessed in all subjects (n=420):~2\. Anthropometric data : 2.1 Height; 2.2 Weight; 2.3 Maximal mouth opening; 2.4 Maximal mouth opening with tongue to palate (with the Quick Tongue-Tie assessment tool)"

"The following items will be assessed in all subjects (n=420):~3\. Tongue pressure (in kPa) exerted against the IOPI (Iowa Oral Performance Instrument) bulb while swallowing.~4\. Tongue peak pressure (i.e., the maximal pressure - Pmax - exerted against the IOPI bulb) during 3 sec. of tongue elevation.~5\. Tongue peak pressure during 3 sec. of tongue protrusion."

"The following items will be assessed in all subjects (n=420):~6\. The tongue endurance (i.e., the time to task failure in maintaining a pressure equal to 50%Pmax against the IOPI bulb) during tongue elevation.~7\. The tongue endurance during tongue protrusion."

\- The following item will be assessed in a subset of subjects (n=31): 8. Orofacial praxis through the Motricité Bucco-Linguo-Faciale (MBLF) test.