Erector Spine Plane Block Versus Single-injection Thoracic Paravertebral Block Via Intrathoracic Approach in Single-port Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Lung Surgeries

a scalp needle with an extended tube will be inserted into the paravertebral space at the T4 level under thoracoscopic direct vision before closing the chest. One centimeter adjacent to the vertebrae will be inserted vertically 0.5 cm under the parietal pleura with the needle, and 20 ml 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected then the field will be observed for 5 min to make sure that there is no hemorrhage or hematoma.