Cold Dissection Versus Electrocautery Dissection in Endoscopic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Implant-Based Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The subcutaneous flap dissection was performed with a scissor in this group. The boundary of mastectomy flap was defined as the edge of clavicle superiorly, the edge of sternum medially, the edge of inframammary fold inferiorly, and the edge of the latissimus dorsi laterally. Our tumescent technique utilizes a solution made by mixing 0.2ml of epinephrine with 250 ml of 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution to create a 1‰ ratio. 150ml to 150ml of the solution was injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the operated breast with a 20-gauge spinal needle to establish a bloodless plane. The septa between the skin flap and parenchyma then was dissected using a scissor.

The subcutaneous flap dissection was performed with electrocautery in this group. The boundary of mastectomy flap was defined as the edge of clavicle superiorly, the edge of sternum medially, the edge of inframammary fold inferiorly, and the edge of the latissimus dorsi laterally.