A Comparative Study for Ideal Positioning of Dialysis Catheter Tip in Pediatric Patients

.: Before insertion, the catheter depth was calculated from the insertion point to the catheter tip point (midway the vertical line from the clavicular head of sternocleidomastoid to inter nipple line.

after inserting the dialysis catheter into right IJV, the guidewire will be then withdrawn until the tip to be exactly positioned at the entry of the Superior Vena Cava in the right atrium. This will be ECG guided: the p wave appears as biphasic wave in the RA then the catheter will be withdrawn at 0.5 cm intervals until the P-wave returned to a normal configuration. (At that point, the catheter will be secured at the skin with suture and dressed with a transparent dressing