Tele-Exercise for Male Elite Fencers

The tele-exercise program focused on lunge movement with additional strengthening abdominal and lumbopelvic muscle training while maintaining neuromuscular control. The difficulty of training was adjusted every week according to the five-step mastery program

The conventional exercise was based on 'displacement', a basic footwork training in fencing. The Displacement is also basic footwork to approach the opponent. The Displacement consisted of seven movements including 'Marche', 'Retraite \& Rompre', 'Passe avant', 'Passe arrière', 'Bond en avant', 'Bond en arrière', and 'Balestra'.