Comparing High-flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen and Noninvasive Ventilation to Standard Oxygenation in Non-selected ICU Patients Admitted for Hypoxemic ARF

"Standard oxygen therapy administered through a Venturi mask allowing a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) setting to maintain a peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≥ 94%.~For medical reasons left to the clinician appreciation (such as a COPD or pulmonary fibrosis or other conditions), a SpO2 ≥ 90% will be accepted."

"The oxygen therapy will be administered in a semi-sitting position, with a setting of the FiO2 and the oxygen flow rate, to obtain a SpO2 ≥ 94%.~For medical reasons left to the clinician appreciation (such as a COPD or pulmonary fibrosis or other conditions), a SpO2 ≥ 90% will be accepted."

"Systematic application of NIV using two levels of pressure, pressure support (PS) + positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) provided using a dedicated NIV ventilator or a standard ICU ventilator with the NIV module through a facial mask. The FiO2 will be set to obtain a SpO2 ≥ 94%.~For medical reasons left to the clinician appreciation (such as a COPD or pulmonary fibrosis or other conditions), a SpO2 ≥ 90% will be accepted."