Viability of an Educational Program for Lifestyle Changes and an Algorithm for the Derivation of Exercise Programs in Older People at Risk of Dependency at Primary Care.

The education intervention will consist of an individualized educative program based on intrinsic capacity optimization through lifestyle changes. To develop the program, the program creation team will be multidisciplinary (psychologists, medical doctor, dietitian…) and will discuss goal setting, the education strategy, and retention of motivation. The experts are required to create the education program such that the participants can manage their health by themselves. The goal will be self-management of dietary habits and increases in physical activity levels for each individual case. The education program will be in Spanish or in English; as it will consist in personal counselling, even with a low level of the language the communication will be possible. The nutritional education program will be conducted every 2 weeks for 10 consecutive weeks, with 20-min counselling sessions by an expert.

The intervention period will have 10 weeks, in which the EXER group will carry out 2-3 sessions a week (total of 20-30 sessions). In this concurrent program, exercises of the lower extremities (leg press, abduction and plantar flexion) will be performed mainly on weight training machines. Intensity in each exercise will be individualized for each participant through a test to determine muscle power. In addition, in the last part of each session the participants will perform an endurance training type high insensitive interval training on a cycle ergometer (60-80 rpm). The intensity will be individualized to each patient through an incremental stress test until volitional exhaustion, and the subjects will alternate intervals of 30 seconds at 90% of the maximum workload, with intervals of 90 seconds at 40% of the maximum. Each session is estimated to have a total duration of 30-50 minutes.

This group will carry out the same two previous interventions together.

CONtrol group will continue the usual clinical treatment and their normal life