Effects of Motor Imagery and Action Observation on Upper Limb Motor Chances and Cognitive Chances in Parkinson's Disease

Motor imagery (MI) is a cognitive process that involves the ability to perform an action mentally, without the need to perform the movement itself. The perspective that the person uses to imagine can be: internal perspective (first person - imagines himself/herself), which relates to the person's view of the content of the images or to his/her kinesthetic sensation - the person imagines the movement being performed, as if feeling the movement of the action; or external perspective (third person - imagines another person), which relates to the visual imagination of scenes outside the person.

Action observation consists of watching another person acting, or doing a motor task, on video or in real-time.

The term Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) refers to systems that capture brain activity signals, translating them into computer commands to control external devices, with the robotic exoskeletons. The electrodes are positioned on the skull cap.

In the sitting or standing position, depending on the action to be performed, the participant must execute the same action imagined or observed previously.