Brain Stimulation and Meditation for Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Active tDCS with a constant current intensity of 2 milli ampere( mA)will be applied for 20 minutes per session for 5 times via the Soterix 1x1 tDCS mini-CT Stimulator device with headgear and saline-soaked surface sponge electrodes. The meditation intervention will be applied simultaneously with tDCS for 20 minutes per session for 5 times by a recorded meditation.

For sham stimulation, the electrodes will be placed in the same positions as for active stimulation, but the stimulator will only deliver 2 mA current for 30 seconds. The sham MBM intervention will be delivered via a CD player that will look identical in both active and sham MBM.