Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Neuromuscular Training in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis

Passive joint mobilization techniques are applied to the affected knee joint. For the first week (three sessions), the joint mobilization exercises included grade I or II rhythmic oscillations. During the following weeks, grade III or IV oscillation techniques were applied, depending on the level of tolerance and pain of each patient. In knee distraction, the patients are in a prone position with 50° knee flexion, and the physical therapist applies the techniques. The dorsal and ventral glides was performed with the patient in a supine position.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy treats pain using low-voltage electric currents. A small device administers the electrical current to or near nerves. TENS treatment inhibits or changes pain perception.