Mitigating Heat-induced Physiological Strain and Discomfort in Older Adults Via Lower Limb Immersion and Neck Cooling

Participants are exposed to 38°C, 35% relative humidity for 6 hours without cooling interventions (control condition). Drinking water is available ad libitum.

Participants are exposed to 38°C, 35% relative humidity for 6 hours. For the last 40 min of each hour, participants lower limbs are immersed in cool water (\~20°C) up to the level of mid calf. Drinking water is available ad libitum.

Participants are exposed to 38°C, 35% relative humidity for 6 hours. For the last 40 min of each hour, participants lower limbs are immersed in cool water (\~20°C) up to the level of mid calf. During limb immersion, a towel soaked in cool water (\~20°C) is placed around the participants neck. The towel is re-wet half way through the 40-min limb immersion. Drinking water is available ad libitum.