A Dimensional Model for Personality Disorders in Later Life

"All participants will be asked to fill in the PID-5-BF+M and the LPFS-BF 2.0 to examine personality disorders as defined by the AMPD and ICD-11.~PID-5-BF+M consists of 36 self-report items. It has 18 facet scales and 6 domain scales (Anankastia, Negative Affectivity, Antagonism, Disinhibition, Psychoticism and Detachment).~The LPFS-BF 2.0 has 12 items, measuring 4 domains of personality functioning (identity, intimacy, self-direction and empathy)."

"The patients fill in a standard test battery during the first weeks of their admission in the institutions, including questionnaires and interviews. The research team will analyze the results retrospectively.~This includes:~YSQ- SF16 (Young \& Brown, 1994; Pauwels et al., 2018) GPS (van Alphen et al., 2006) HoNOS 65+ (Burns et al., 1999) HAP 2.0 (Barendse \& Thissen, 2006) SCL-90-R (Derogatis, 1983; Dutch version: Arrindell, \& Ettema, 1975, 1986, 2005) ADP-IV (Schotte \& De Doncker, 1998) CERQ (Garnefski et al., 2007) UCL (Scheurs et al., 1994; 1988) BIS/BAS Scales (Carver \& White, 1994) EC Scale of the ATQ (Rothbart et al., 2000) BSI (Derogatis, 1975; Dutch version: Beurs, 2008) SIPP-SF (derived from the SIPP-118; Verheul et al., 2008) SMI (Young et al., 2008) WHO-5 (Dutch version: WHO, 1998) SQ3-SF (Young \& Brown, 2005) SCID-5-P (First et al., 2017; Dutch translation: Arntz et al., 2017)"

"Clinical ratings of criteria A and B will also be collected. Only a small part of the patients will be selected for this, in order to make the research more feasible. The rater (a clinician or researcher) assesses the patient (in terms of level of personality functioning and personality traits) by means of (structured) clinical interviews. Given clinical ratings of the dimensional criteria are not part of the standard care in either institution, the ratings can be conducted by the doctorandus and Master Thesis students, trained by the doctorandus (in order not to overburden the clinicians).~The clinical interviews that will be used for the ratings are:~* The Semigestructureerd Interview voor Persoonlijkheidsfunctioneren DSM-5 (STIP) (Hutsebaut et al., 2014).~* The Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 (SCID-5-AMPD) (First et al., 2018), only if a Dutch translation is available by the time of this intervention."

In the clinical population, participants will be asked to include an informant (family member, partner, friend, acquaintance), to fill in an informant version of the PID-5-BF+M and LPFS-BF 2.0 questionnaires. It is also possible for the patient to participate in the study without giving permission to include an informant. The informant will be asked to fill in the informant versions of the questionnaires, which contain the exact same items as the self-report versions, adjusted to the third person.